Scientists Discover How Aspirin May Prevent the Spread of Certain Cancers, Describing It as a ‘Landmark Moment

London:Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery regarding how aspirin might help prevent the spread of certain cancers, calling it a “landmark moment” in medical research. The new study builds upon existing evidence suggesting that aspirin helps boost the immune system, which in turn aids in trapping cancerous cells.

Currently, clinical trials are ongoing to study aspirin’s effect on cancer patients. However, experts have cautioned against taking aspirin regularly without consulting a doctor.

In the study, researchers analyzed 810 genes in mice and identified 15 genes that play a role in cancer metastasis. The research revealed that mice with a deficiency in a gene responsible for producing a specific protein known as ARHGEF1 were less likely to experience cancer spread in their lungs and liver.

Scientists discovered that ARHGEF1 suppresses a type of immune cell called T cells, which are crucial for recognizing and eliminating metastatic cancer cells spreading to other parts of the body. Unexpectedly, they found that ARHGEF1 is activated when T cells encounter a specific factor (a protein that prevents excessive bleeding).

This factor, known as thromboxane A2 (TXA2), is produced by platelets in the blood, and aspirin is already known for reducing its production. The researchers found that by reducing TXA2 production, aspirin can help prevent the spread of some cancers.

Dr. Yang, one of the researchers, described the discovery as “completely unexpected,” adding that it opened up a new research path they hadn’t anticipated. The team is now collaborating with Professor Ruth Langley at University College London to investigate whether aspirin can help prevent or delay the recurrence of early-stage cancers.

Professor Langley called the discovery an important breakthrough, stating that it would help interpret the results of ongoing clinical trials and determine which cancer patients would benefit most from aspirin. However, she warned that in a small proportion of people, aspirin could cause serious side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which cancer patients could benefit from aspirin, and always consult a doctor before starting any aspirin regimen.